Pre-1960 Church Teaching vs. Vatican II (point-by-point)
Vatican I (1870) Canon 1 #5: “if anyone denies that the world was made for the glory of God…let him be anathema.”
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#12 “According to the almost unanimous opinion of believers and non-believers alike, all things on earth should be related to man as their center and summit.”
#26: “there is a growing awareness of the exalted dignity proper to the human person, since he stands above all things, and his rights and duties are universal and inviolable.”
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Council of Florence (1441) Session 11: “The Church firmly believes, professes and preaches that nobody who exists outside the Catholic Church, not only the pagans, but also not the Jews, also not the heretics, also not the schismatics, can be participants in eternal life, but they will go to the eternal fire prepared the devil and his angels unless they be joined with the Church before the end of their life. And the Council, professes, believes and preaches the unity of this ecclesiastical body is worth so much that only those who remain within her, and receive the salvation of the ecclesiastical sacraments, and profess them, and do their fastings and works and all the other offices of piety and all the other exercises of Christian virtues will have the eternal Christ. Nobody however many works he has done, even if he thinks he sheds his blood for Christ can be saved if he is not within the Catholic Church and its union.”
“With regard to children, since the danger of death is often present and the only remedy available to them is baptism by which they are snatched away from the dominion of the devil and adopted as children of God…”
Pope Leo XIII- Satis Cognitum (1896) #5: “The Church of Christ, therefore, is one and the same forever; those who leave it depart from the will and command of Christ, the Lord - leaving the path of salvation they enter on that of perdition. "Whosoever is separated from the Church is united to an adulteress.”
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#22 “For by his incarnation the Son of God has united himself in some fashion with every man…All this holds true not only for Christians but for all men of good will….”
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Mark 12:28-30: “The first commandment is Hear O Israel the Lord thy God is one God. And though shalt love the Lord thy God…the second is like to it, love thy neighbor as thyself.”
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#24: “…love for God and neighbor is the first and greatest commandment.”
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Pope Pius XI- Casti Cannubi (1930): #54: “But no reason, however grave, may be put forward by which anything intrinsically against nature may become conformable to nature and morally good. Since, therefore, the conjugal act is destined primarily by nature for the begetting of children, those who in exercising it deliberately frustrate its natural power and purpose sin against nature and commit a deed which is shameful and intrinsically vicious.”
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#52: “Those too who are skilled in other sciences, notably the medical, biological, social and psychological, can considerably advance the welfare of marriage and the family along with peace of conscience if by pooling their efforts they labor to explain more thoroughly the various conditions favoring a proper regulation of births.”
#87: “For in keeping with man's inalienable right to marry and generate children, a decision concerning the number of children they will have depends on the right judgment of the parents and it cannot in any way be left to the judgment of public authority. But since the judgment of the parents presupposes a rightly formed conscience, it is of the utmost importance that the way be open for everyone to develop a correct and genuinely human responsibility which respects the divine law and takes into consideration the circumstances of the situation and the time. But sometimes this requires an improvement in educational and social conditions, and, above all, formation in religion or at least a complete moral training. Men should discreetly be informed, furthermore, of scientific advances in exploring methods whereby spouses can be helped in regulating the number of their children and whose safeness has been well proven and whose harmony with the moral order has been ascertained.”
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Pope St. Pius X- Pascendi Dominici Gregis (1907) #55: Let them combat novelties of words remembering the admonitions of Leo XIII. (Instruct. S.C. NN. EE. EE., 27 Jan., 1902): It is impossible to approve in Catholic publications of a style inspired by unsound novelty which seems to deride the piety of the faithful and dwells on the introduction of a new order of Christian life, on new directions of the Church, on new aspirations of the modern soul, on a new vocation of the clergy, on a new Christian civilization.”
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#88 “Christians should collaborate willingly and wholeheartedly in the establishment of an international order…”
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Condemned Statements:
#55“The Church ought to be separated from the State, and the State from the Church.”
#77: “In the present day it is no longer expedient that the Catholic religion should be held as the only religion of the State, to the exclusion of all other forms of worship.”
#78: “Hence it has been wisely decided by law, in some Catholic countries, that persons coming to reside therein shall enjoy the public exercise of their own peculiar worship.”
Pope Gregory XVI- Mirari Vos (1832) #15: “From this poison source of indifferentism flows that false and absurd or rather extravagant maxim that liberty of conscience should be established and guaranteed to each man. A most contagious error to which leads the absolute and unbridled liberty of opinion which for the ruin of Church and State spreads over the whole world and which some men by unbridled imprudence fear not to represent as advantages to the Church. And what more certain death for souls says St. Augustine than liberty of error.”
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#2: “This Vatican Council declares that the human person has a right to religious freedom. This freedom means that all men are to be immune from coercion on the part of individuals or of social groups and of any human power, in such wise that no one is to be forced to act in a manner contrary to his own beliefs, whether privately or publicly, whether alone or in association with others, within due limits…”
“The council further declares that the right to religious freedom has its foundation in the very dignity of the human person as this dignity is known through the revealed word of God and by reason itself. This right of the human person to religious freedom is to be recognized in the constitutional law whereby society is governed and thus it is to become a civil right.”
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Pope Gregory XVI- Inter Praecipuas (1844) #14: “experience shows that there is no more direct way of alienating the populace from fidelity and obedience to their leaders than through that indifference to religion propagated by the sect members under the name of religious liberty.”
Pope Leo XIII- Libertas Praestantissimum (1888) #21: “Justice therefore forbids, and reason itself forbids, the State to be godless; or to adopt a line of action which would end in godliness- namely, to treat the various religions (as they call them) alike, and to bestow upon them promiscuously equal rights and privileges…”
Pope St. Pius X- Vehementer Nos #13 (1906): “We in accord with the supreme authority which we hold from God, disprove and condemn the established law which separates the French state from the Church, for such reasons we have set forth: because it inflicts the greatest injury upon God whom it solemnly rejects, declaring in the beginning that the state is devoid of any religious worship…”
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#3: “Government therefore ought indeed to take account of the religious life of the citizenry and show it favor, since the function of government is to make provision for the common welfare. However, it would clearly transgress the limits set to its power, were it to presume to command or inhibit acts that are religious.”
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Pope Gregory XVI- Mirari Vos (1832) #15: “Here We must include that harmful and never sufficiently denounced freedom to publish any writings whatever and disseminate them to the people, which some dare to demand and promote with so great a clamor. We are horrified to see what monstrous doctrines and prodigious errors are disseminated far and wide in countless books, pamphlets, and other writings which, though small in weight, are very great in malice.”
Condemned Statements:
#20. “The ecclesiastical power ought not to exercise its authority without the permission and assent of the civil government.”
#21“The Church has not the power of defining dogmatically that the religion of the Catholic Church is the only true religion.”
#22“The obligation by which Catholic teachers and authors are strictly bound is confined to those things only which are proposed to universal belief as dogmas of faith by the infallible judgment of the Church.”
#77: “In the present day it is no longer expedient that the Catholic religion should be held as the only religion of the State, to the exclusion of all other forms of worship.”
#78: “Hence it has been wisely decided by law, in some Catholic countries, that persons coming to reside therein shall enjoy the public exercise of their own peculiar worship.”
#79: “Moreover, it is false that the civil liberty of every form of worship, and the full power, given to all, of overtly and publicly manifesting any opinions whatsoever and thoughts, conduce more easily to corrupt the morals and minds of the people, and to propagate the pest of indifferentism.”
#80: “The Roman Pontiff can, and ought to, reconcile himself, and come to terms with progress, liberalism and modern civilization.”
Pope Leo XIII- Immortale Dei (1885) #34: “Thus, Gregory XVI in his encyclical letter Mirari Vos, dated August 15, 1832, inveighed with weighty words against the sophisms which even at his time were being publicly inculcated-namely, that no preference should be shown for any particular form of worship; that it is right for individuals to form their own personal judgments about religion; that each man's conscience is his sole and all-sufficing guide; and that it is lawful for every man to publish his own views, whatever they may be…”
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#4 it comes within the meaning of religious freedom that religious communities should not be prohibited from freely undertaking to show the special value of their doctrine in what concerns the organization of society and the inspiration of the whole of human activity. Finally, the social nature of man and the very nature of religion afford the foundation of the right of men freely to hold meetings and to establish educational, cultural, charitable and social organizations, under the impulse of their own religious sense.
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4th Lateran Council (1215): “Clerics should not, of course, give the sacraments of the Church to such pestilent people nor give them a Christian burial…”
Pope Bonfiace XIII- Unam Sanctam (1302): “we firmly believe and simply confess this (Church) outside which there is no salvation nor remission of sin.”
“Jerome used to say it this way: he who eats the lamb outside this house will perish as did those during the flood who were not with Noah in the ark,.”
Pope Gregory XVI- Commissum Divinitus (1835) #11: “whoever dares to depart from the unity of Peter might understand that he no longer shares in the divine mystery.” St. Jerome adds: “Whoever eats the lamb outside of this house is unholy.”
Pope Bl. Pius IX- Amantissimus (1862) #3: “He who deserts the Church will vainly believe that he is in the Church;”[18] “whoever eats of the lamb and is not a member of the Church, has profaned;”
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#27: “Eastern Christians who are in fact separated in good faith from the Catholic Church, if they ask of their own accord and have the right dispositions, may be admitted to the sacraments of Penance, the Eucharist and the Anointing of the Sick. Further, Catholics may ask for these same sacraments from those non-Catholic ministers whose churches possess valid sacraments, as often as necessity or a genuine spiritual benefit recommends such a course and access to a Catholic priest is physically or morally impossible.”
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Pope Leo XII- Ubi Primum (1824): #14: “It is impossible for the most true God, who is Truth Itself, the best, the wisest Provider, and the Rewarder of good men, to approve all sects who profess false teachings which are often inconsistent with one another and contradictory, and to confer eternal rewards on their members… By it we are taught, and by divine faith we hold one Lord, one faith, one baptism, and that no other name under heaven is given to men except the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth in which we must be saved. This is why we profess that there is no salvation outside the Church.”
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#30: “Let them pray also that the strength and the consolation of the Holy Spirit may descend copiously upon all those many Christians of whatsoever church they be who endure suffering and deprivations for their unwavering avowal of the name of Christ.”
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Pope Pius XI- Divini Illius Magistri (1929): #65: “Another very grave danger is that naturalism which nowadays invades the field of education in that most delicate matter of purity of morals. Far too common is the error of those who with dangerous assurance and under an ugly term propagate a so-called sex-education,”
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#1: “Therefore children and young people must be helped, with the aid of the latest advances in psychology and the arts and science of teaching, to develop harmoniously their physical, moral and intellectual endowments so that they may gradually acquire a mature sense of responsibility in striving endlessly to form their own lives properly and in pursuing true freedom as they surmount the vicissitudes of life with courage and constancy. Let them be given also, as they advance in years, a positive and prudent sexual education”
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Pope Leo XII- Ubi Primum (1824): #12: “Under the gentle appearance of piety and liberality this sect professes what they call tolerance or indifferentism. It preaches that not only in civil affairs, which is not Our concern here, but also in religion, God has given every individual a wide freedom to embrace and adopt without danger to his salvation whatever sect or opinion appeals to him on the basis of his private judgment.”
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#7: “the Church esteems highly those civil authorities and societies which, bearing in mind the pluralism of contemporary society and respecting religious freedom, assist families so that the education of their children can be imparted in all schools according to the individual moral and religious principles of the families.”
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Council of Florence (1439) Session 8: “Whoever wishes to be saved before all things it is necessary that he holds the Catholic Faith. Unless a person keeps this Faith whole and undefiled, without a doubt he shall perish eternally.”
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#6: “For the Church, although of itself including the totality or fullness of the means of salvation, does not and cannot always and instantly bring them all into action. Rather, she experiences beginnings and degrees in that action by which she strives to make God's plan a reality. In fact, there are times when, after a happy beginning, she must again lament a setback, or at least must linger in a certain state of unfinished insufficiency. As for the men, groups and peoples concerned, only by degrees does she touch and pervade them, and thus take them up into full catholicity. The right sort of means and actions must be suited to any state or situation.”
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2Cor. 4:3: “If our gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost.”
1Cor 10:19-20: “But the things which the heathens sacrifice, they sacrifice to the devils, and not to God.”
John 3:35-36: “He that believeth in the Son have everlasting life; be that believeth not the Son, shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.”
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#10: “For the Gospel message has not yet, or hardly yet, been heard by two million human beings (and their number is increasing daily), who are formed into large and distinct groups by permanent cultural ties, by ancient religious traditions, and by firm bonds of social necessity. Some of these men are followers of one of the great religions,”
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Pope St. Leo IX- Ut Enim letter (1053): “For I firmly believe that the Holy Trinity, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit…the Creator of all creation, from whom all things, through whom all things, in whom all things which are in heaven or on earth, visible or invisible.”
Council of Vienne (1312) #25: “It is an insult to the holy name and a disgrace to the Christian faith that the followers of Islam in their mosques meet to adore the infidel Mahomet. This brings disrepute on our faith and gives great scandal to the faithful. These practices cannot be tolerated without displeasing the divine majesty. We enjoin on Catholic princes one and all, they are to forbid expressly the public invocation of the sacrilegious name of Mahomet.”
Council of Basel (1431) Session 19: “…there is hope that very many from the abominable sect of Mahomet will be converted to the Catholic faith.”
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#3: “The Church regards with esteem also the Moslems. They adore the one God, living and subsisting in Himself; merciful and all- powerful, the Creator of heaven and earth, who has spoken to men; they take pains to submit wholeheartedly to even His inscrutable decrees, just as Abraham, with whom the faith of Islam takes pleasure in linking itself, submitted to God.”
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Fourth Lateran Council (1215) #3: “We excommunicate and anathematize every heresy raising itself up against the holy, orthodox, Catholic faith. We condemn whatever heretics, whatever names they may go under.”
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#5: “The Church reproves, as foreign to the mind of Christ, any discrimination against men or harassment of them because of their race, color, condition of life, or religion.”
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Pope Benedict XIV- A Quo Primum (1751) Epistle 365: “Surely it is not in vain that the Church has established the universal prayer which is offered up for the faithless Jews from the rising of the sun to its setting, that the Lord God may remove the veil from their hearts, that they may be rescued from their darkness into the light of truth.”
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#4: “As Holy Scripture testifies, Jerusalem did not recognize the time of her visitation, nor did the Jews in large number, accept the Gospel; indeed not a few opposed its spreading. Nevertheless, God holds the Jews most dear for the sake of their Fathers;
…Since the spiritual patrimony common to Christians and Jews is thus so great, this sacred synod wants to foster and recommend that mutual understanding and respect which is the fruit, above all, of biblical and theological studies as well as of fraternal dialogues.”
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Pope Gregory XVI- Summo Iugiter Studio (1832) #2: “Finally some of these misguided people attempt to persuade themselves and others that men are not saved only in the Catholic religion, but that even heretics may attain eternal life.”
Pope Pius XI- Mortalium Animos (1928) #2: “false opinion which considers all religions to be more or less good and praiseworthy, since they all in different ways manifest and signify that sense which is inborn in us all, and by which we are led to God and to the obedient acknowledgment of His rule. Not only are those who hold this opinion in error and deceived, but also in distorting the idea of true religion they reject it, false opinion which considers all religions to be more or less good and praiseworthy, since they all in different ways manifest and signify that sense which is inborn in us all, and by which we are led to God and to the obedient acknowledgment of His rule. Not only are those who hold this opinion in error and deceived, but also in distorting the idea of true religion they reject it,”
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#2: “in Hinduism, men contemplate the divine mystery and express it through an inexhaustible abundance of myths and through searching philosophical inquiry. They seek freedom from the anguish of our human condition either through ascetical practices or profound meditation or a flight to God with love and trust. Buddhism, in its various forms, realizes the radical insufficiency of this changeable world; it teaches a way by which men, in a devout and confident spirit, may be able either to acquire the state of perfect liberation, or attain, by their own efforts or through higher help, supreme illumination.”
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Pope Pius XI- Mortalium Animos (1928) #7: condemns the false “opinion that the unity of faith and government, which is a note of the one true Church of Christ, has hardly up to the present time existed, and does not today exist…”
#9: “Everyone knows that John himself, the Apostle of love…altogether forbade any discourse with those who profess a mutilated and corrupt version of Christ’s teaching”;
#10: “for the union of Christians can only be promoted by promoting the return to the one, true Church of Christ”
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#1: “It is the goal of this most sacred Council…to make more responsive the requirements of our times those Church observances which are open to adaptation; to nurture whatever can contribute to the unity of all who believe in Christ”
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Pope Pius VI- Auctorem Fidei (1794) #33: The proposition of the synod by which it shows itself eager to remove the cause through which, in part, there has been induced a forget-fulness of the principles relating to the order of the liturgy, "by recalling it (the liturgy) to a greater simplicity of rites, by expressing it in the vernacular language, by uttering it in a loud voice"; as if the present order of the liturgy, received and approved by the Church, had emanated in some part from the forgetfulness of the principles by which it should be regulated,— rash, offensive to pious ears, insulting to the Church, favorable to the charges of heretics against it.
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#4: “Mother Church holds all lawfully acknowledged rites to be of equal authority and dignity; that she wishes to preserve them in the future and foster them in every way. The Council also desires that, where necessary, the rites be carefully and thoroughly revised in the light of sound tradition, and that they be given new vigor to meet the circumstances and needs of modern times.”
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“If anyone saith, that it is not lawful for the celebrating priest to communicate himself; let him be anathema.”
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#14: “In the restoration and promotion of the sacred liturgy, this full and active participation by all the people is the aim to be considered before all else”.
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Pope St. Pius X- Pascendi Dominici Gregis (1907) #26: “The chief stimulus of evolution in the domain of worship consists in the need of adapting itself to the uses and customs of peoples,”
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#37: “she [the Church] respect and foster the genius and talents of the various races and peoples. Anything in these peoples' way of life which is not indissolubly bound up with superstition and error she studies with sympathy and, if possible, preserves intact. Sometimes in fact she admits such things into the liturgy itself, so long as they harmonize with its true and authentic spirit.”
#40.1: “The competent territorial ecclesiastical authority mentioned in Art. 22, 2, must, in this matter, carefully and prudently consider which elements from the traditions and culture of individual peoples might appropriately be admitted into divine worship. Adaptations which are judged to be useful or necessary should then be submitted to the Apostolic See, by whose consent they may be introduced.”
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Council of Trent Canon 13, 7th Session (1551): “If anyone says that the received and approved rites of the Catholic Church, wont to be used in the solemn administrations of the sacraments, may be condemned, or without sin be omitted at pleasure by the ministers, or be changed by any pastor of the churches whomsoever into new ones; let him be anathema.”
Pope Pius V- Quo Primum (1570): "let Masses not be sung or read according to any other formula than that of this Missal published by Us. This ordinance applies henceforth, now, forever, throughout all the providences of the Christian world…this present Constitution...will be valid henceforth, now, and forever. We order and enjoin that nothing must be added...nothing omitted...nor anything whatsoever be changed within it under the penalty of Our displeasure…We order them (all Church leaders) in virtue of holy obedience to chant or to read the Mass according to the rite and manner and norm herewith laid down by Us and, hereafter, to discontinue and completely discard all other rubrics...they must not in celebrating Mass presume to introduce any ceremonies or recite any prayers other than those contained in this Missal."
Pope Pius VI- Auctorem Fidei (1794) #33: The proposition of the synod by which it shows itself eager to remove the cause through which, in part, there has been induced a forget-fulness of the principles relating to the order of the liturgy, "by recalling it (the liturgy) to a greater simplicity of rites, by expressing it in the vernacular language, by uttering it in a loud voice"; as if the present order of the liturgy, received and approved by the Church, had emanated in some part from the forgetfulness of the principles by which it should be regulated,— rash, offensive to pious ears, insulting to the Church, favorable to the charges of heretics against it.
Vatican I (1870) Session 4, Chapter 4, #6: For the Holy Spirit was promised to the successors of Peter not so that they might, by his revelation, make known some new doctrine, but that, by his assistance, they might religiously guard and faithfully expound the revelation or deposit of faith transmitted by the apostles.
Pope Pius XII- Mediator Dei (1947) #59: “the temerity and daring of those who introduce novel liturgical practices, or call for the revival of obsolete rites out of harmony with prevailing laws and rubrics, deserve severe reproof. It has pained Us grievously to note, Venerable Brethren, that such innovations are actually being introduced, not merely in minor details but in matters of major importance as well. We instance, in point of fact, those who make use of the vernacular in the celebration of the august eucharistic sacrifice; those who transfer certain feast-days - which have been appointed and established after mature deliberation - to other dates; those, finally, who delete from the prayerbooks approved for public use the sacred texts of the Old Testament, deeming them little suited and inopportune for modern times.”
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#40: “In some places and circumstances, however, an even more radical adaptation of the liturgy is needed”
#44: “promotes necessary experiments”
#50: “…rites are to be simplified…elements…duplicated or added with little advantage are to be discarded”
#62: asks for simplifying rite
#63b: There is to be a new edition of the Roman book of rites
#66: Both rites of adult baptism are to be revised
#67: The rite of infant baptism is to be revised
#71: “The rite of confirmation is to be revised…”
#72: “rites and formulas of Penance are to be revised…”
#76: “ordination rites are to be revised…”
#77: “marriage rites are to be revised…”
#79: “the sacraments are to be revised…” “the requirements of our times have to be weighed”
#80: The rite of consecration of virgins is to be subject to review
#82: The rite for burying little children is to be revised.
#89b: the hour of prime is to be suppressed
#107: liturgical year is to be revised
#128: there is to be an early revision of the canons and ecclesiastical statutes which govern the provision of material things involved in sacred worship.
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Pope Pius XI- Mortalium Animos (1928) #6: Christ our Lord instituted His Church as a perfect society,”
#11 “…today some are presumptive enough to question seriously whether theology and theological methods, such as with the approval of ecclesiastical authority are found in our schools, should not only be perfected, but also completely reformed, in order to promote the more efficacious propagation of the kingdom of Christ everywhere throughout the world among men of every culture and religious opinion.”
#15: “…Some more audacious affirm that this can and must be done, because they hold that the mysteries of faith are never expressed by truly adequate concepts but only by approximate and ever changeable notions, in which the truth is to some extent expressed, but is necessarily distorted. Wherefore they do not consider it absurd, but altogether necessary, that theology should substitute new concepts in place of the old ones in keeping with the various philosophies which in the course of time it uses as its instruments, so that it should give human expression to divine truths in various ways which are even somewhat opposed, but still equivalent, as they say...”
#17: “... to do this so that these things may be replaced by conjectural notions and by some formless and unstable tenets of a new philosophy, tenets which, like the flowers of the field, are in existence today and die tomorrow; this is supreme imprudence and something that would make dogma itself a reed shaken by the wind...”
#30: “... Let no Christian therefore, whether philosopher or theologian, embrace eagerly and lightly whatever novelty happens to be thought up from day to day, but rather let him weigh it with painstaking care and a balanced judgment, lest he lose or corrupt the truth he already has, with grave danger and damage to his faith...”
#32 “How deplorable it is then that this [Thomistic] philosophy, received and honored by the Church, is scorned by some, who shamelessly call it outmoded in form and rationalistic, as they say, in its method of thought.”
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#5: While it slowly grows, the Church strains toward the completed Kingdom
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Council of Florence (1441) Session 11: “heretics even if they think they are shedding their blood for Christ cannot be saved.”
Pope Pius VI- Charitas (1791) #32: “For no one can be in the Church of Christ without being in unity with its visible head and founded on the See of Peter.”
Pope Bl. Pius IX- Amantissimus (1862) #3: “…all who want to belong to the true and only Church of Christ must honor and obey this Apostolic See and Roman Pontiff.”
Pope Leo XIII- Satis Cognitum (1896) #13: “Therefore, if a man does not want to be, or to be called, a heretic, let him not strive to please this or that man...but let him hasten before all things to be in communion with the Roman See.”
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#15: “Likewise we can say that they are joined to us in the Holy Spirit, for to them also He gives His gifts and graces, and is thereby operative among them with His sanctifying power. Some indeed He has strengthened to the extent of the shedding of their blood…The Church recognizes that in many ways she is linked with those who, being baptized, are honored with the name of Christian, though they do not profess the faith in its entirety or do not preserve unity of communion with the successor of Peter.”
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Council of Rome (382): “If anyone does not say that Jesus Christ…will come to judge the living and the dead, he is a heretic.”
Pope St. Gregory the Great- Moralia in Job (578-595) #5: “The holy universal Church teaches that it is not possible to worship God truly except in her and asserts that all who are outside of her will not be saved.”
Pope Gregory XVI- Summo Iugiter Studio (1832) #2: “Therefore, they must instruct them in the true worship of God, which is unique to the Catholic religion.”
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#16: “But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. In the first place amongst these there are the Muslims, who, professing to hold the faith of Abraham, along with us adore the one and merciful God, who on the last day will judge mankind.”
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Vatican I (1870) Chapter 2 #1: “If anyone shall have said that the one true God, our Creator and Lord, cannot be known with certitude by those things which have been made, by the natural light of human reason: let him be anathema.”
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#16: “Nor does Divine Providence deny the helps necessary for salvation to those who, without blame on their part, have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God and with His grace strive to live a good life. Whatever good or truth is found amongst them is looked upon by the Church as a preparation for the Gospel.”
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Pope Boniface VIII- Unam Sanctam (1302): “…of the one and only Church there is but one body, one head, not two heads as a monster…”
Pope Leo XIII- Satis Cognitum (1896): #14: “But if the authority of Peter and his successors is plenary and supreme, it is not to be regarded as the sole authority. For He who made Peter the foundation of the Church also "chose, twelve, whom He called apostles" (Luke vi., 13); and just as it is necessary that the authority of Peter should be perpetuated in the Roman Pontiff, so, by the fact that the bishops succeed the Apostles, they inherit their ordinary power, and thus the episcopal order necessarily belongs to the essential constitution of the Church. Although they do not receive plenary, or universal, or supreme authority”
#15: “…the power of the Roman Pontiff is supreme, universal, and definitely peculiar to itself; but that of the bishops is circumscribed by definite limits…”
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#22 “The supreme authority with which this college of bishops is empowered over the whole Church is exercised in a solemn way in an ecumenical council”
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Pope Bl. Pius IX- Etsi Multa (1873) #25: “Therefore, the holy martyr Cyprian, writing about schism, denied to the pseudo-bishop Novatian even the title of Christian, on the grounds that he was cut off and separated from the Church of Christ. ”whoever he is,” he says, “and whatever sort he is, he is not a Christian who is not in the Church of Christ.”
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#1: “Promoting the restoration of unity among all Christians is one of the main aims of the Sacrosanct Vatican Council II…Almost everyone, however, although in a different way, they long for a unique and visible Church of God that is truly universal and sent to the whole world, so that the world may be converted to the Gospel and saved for the glory of God.”
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Pope Boniface VIII- Unam Sanctam (1302): “we firmly believe and simply confess this (Church) outside which there is no salvation nor remission of sin.”
Council of Vienne (1312) #30: “Since however there is for both regulars and seculars, for superiors and subjects, for exempt and non-exempt, one universal Church, outside of which there is no salvation.”
Council of Florence (1442) Session 11: “Therefore the Holy Roman Church condemns, reproves, anathematizes and declares to be outside the Body of Christ, which is the Church, whoever holds opposing of contrary views.”
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#3: “…some, or better, many and very important can be found outside the visible enclosure of the Catholic Church: the written Word of God, the life of the grace, faith, hope and charity, and some inner gifts of the Holy Spirit and visible elements; all this, which comes from Christ and leads Him, belongs by right to the only Church of Christ…Therefore, even though we believe that separate Churches and communities have their defects, they are not devoid of meaning and value in the mystery of salvation, because the Spirit of Christ has not refused to use them as means of salvation, whose virtue derives from the same fullness of grace and truth that was entrusted to the Church.”
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Nicene Creed; “I believe in One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church.”
Pope Pelagius II- Dilectionis Vestrae (585) epistle 2: “Those who were not willing to be at agreement in the Church of God, cannot remain with God; although given over to flames and fires, they burn, of thrown to wild beasts, they lay down their lives, there will not be for them that crown of faith, but the punishment of faithlessness, not a glorious result of religious virtue, but the ruin of despair. Such a one can be slain, he cannot be crowned”
Council of Florence (1442) Session 11: “…no one, whatever almsgiving he has practiced, even if he has shed blood for the name of Christ, can be saved, unless he has remained within the bosom and
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#4: “…it is necessary that Catholics, with joy, recognize and appreciate in their value the truly Christian treasures that, coming from the common heritage, are found in our separated brothers. It is fair and healthy to recognize the riches of Christ and the virtues in the lives of those who bear witness to Christ and, sometimes, even to the shedding of his blood…the divisions of Christians prevent the Church from effecting its own fullness of catholicity in those children who, being truly incorporated into it by baptism, are, however, separated from their full communion. Furthermore, it is very difficult for the Church itself to express, in all aspects, in the very reality of life, the fullness of Catholicity.”
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Pope Gregory XVI- Mirari Vos (1832) #7: “…attend to yourselves and to doctrine and meditate on these words: “the universal Church is affected by any and every novelty” and the admonition of Pope Agatho: “nothing of the things appointed ought to be diminished; nothing changed; nothing added; but they must be preserved both as regards expression and meaning.”
Pope Pius XI- Mortalium Animos (1928) #12 “How so great a variety of opinions can clear the way for the unity of the Church we know not. That unity can arise from one teaching authority, one law of belief, & one faith of Christians, but do we not know that from such a state of affairs (here Pius XI is referring to Protestant dialogue) that it is but an easy step to the neglect of religion or indifferentism and to the error of the modernists who hold that dogmatic truth is not absolute but relative, that is changes according to the varying necessities of time and place and to the varying tendencies of the mind and it is not contained in an immutable tradition but can be altered to suit the needs of human life.”
#13: “Furthermore, it is never lawful to employ in connection with articles of faith, the distinction invented by some between fundamental and non-fundamental articles, the former to be accepted by all and the later to be up to the free acceptance of the faithful.”
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#6: “Christ summons the Church as she goes on her pilgrim way, to that continual reformation of which she always has need, insofar as she is an institution of men here on earth. Therefore, if the influence of events or of the times has lead to deficiencies in conduct, in Church discipline, or even in the formulation of doctrine (which must be distinguished from the deposit of faith itself), these should be properly rectified at the proper moment.”
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Council of Laodicea (364): “No one shall pray in common with heretics and schismatics.”
Council of Carthage, Patrologia Latina, vol. 56, col. 486 (419): “Cut off from the Church: One must neither pray nor sing psalms with those who are cut off from the communion of the Church, whether clergy or laymen: let him be anathema.”
Third Council of Constantinople (681): “If any ecclesiastic or layman shall go into the synagogue of the Jews or to the meeting houses of the heretics to join in prayer with them, let them be deposed and deprived of communion.
1917 Code of Canon Law Canon 1258: “forbidding communicatio in sacris reads:
§1. “It is unlawful for Catholics to assist actively in any way at, or to take part in, the religious services of non-Catholics.”
§2 “A passive and merely material presence at funerals and weddings and similar solemnities of non-Catholics may be tolerated for the sake of civil duty or honor, because of a grave reason, (to be approved by the bishop in a doubtful case), provided there is no danger of perversion or scandal present.”
Pope Pius XI- Mortalium Animos (1928), #10: “[the] Apostolic See has never allowed its subjects to take part in the assemblies of non-Catholics.”
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#8 “…it says “As for common worship…the practical course to be adopted, after due regard has been given to all the circumstances of time, place, and personage, is left to prudent decision of the local episcopal authority, unless the local Bishops’ conference according to its own statutes or the Holy See, has determined otherwise.”
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2nd Council of Constantinople (553): “we bear in mind what was promised about the Holy Church and Him who said ‘the gates of hell will not prevail against it’ (by these we understand the death dealing tongues of heretics).”
Pope Innocent III- Eius Exemplo (1208): “By the heart we believe and by the mouth we confess the one Church, not of heretics, but the Holy Roman, Catholic, and Apostolic Church outside of which we believe that no one is saved.”
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#15: “(Orthodox) by celebrating the Eucharist of the Lord in each of these Churches, the Church of God is built and grows, and by concelebration communion between them is manifested.”
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Pope St. Pius V- Quo Primum (1570): “Let all everywhere adopt and observe what has been handed down by the Holy Roman Church, the Mother and Teacher of the other churches,”
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#17 “…sometimes one tradition has come nearer than the other to an apt appreciation of certain aspects of a revealed mystery, or has expressed them in a clearer manner.”
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“Nor must it be thought that what is expounded in Encyclical Letters does not of itself demand consent, since in writing such Letters the Popes do not exercise the supreme power of their Teaching Authority. For these matters are taught with the ordinary teaching authority, of which it is true to say: "He who heareth you, heareth me"; and generally what is expounded and inculcated in Encyclical Letters already for other reasons appertains to Catholic doctrine. But if the Supreme Pontiffs in their official documents purposely pass judgment on a matter up to that time under dispute, it is obvious that that matter, according to the mind and will of the Pontiffs, cannot be any longer considered a question open to discussion among theologians.”
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